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	<title>Comments on: We Have a Winner?</title>
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	<description>What happened to the global economy and what we can do about it</description>
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		<title>By: Mark A. Sadowski</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2381</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Mark A. Sadowski]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 03 Jan 2009 00:02:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2381</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Thanks for keeping my point in perspective Mr. Kwak. I only meant to ground things nationally. As a matter of fact I have been keeping track of regional real estate prices for selfish reasons. Where I live (Hockessin, Delaware) we have had only modest depreciation from peak (2-9% depending on the index).I suspect when the dust settles we will have radically different relative real estate price ratios. New York for example will still be 20% above real rates in 1997 and Detroit will be 50% below what they were. My town on the other hand will be about 45% above those values. Bully for me (and my town)!]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for keeping my point in perspective Mr. Kwak. I only meant to ground things nationally. As a matter of fact I have been keeping track of regional real estate prices for selfish reasons. Where I live (Hockessin, Delaware) we have had only modest depreciation from peak (2-9% depending on the index).I suspect when the dust settles we will have radically different relative real estate price ratios. New York for example will still be 20% above real rates in 1997 and Detroit will be 50% below what they were. My town on the other hand will be about 45% above those values. Bully for me (and my town)!</p>
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		<title>By: James Kwak</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2336</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[James Kwak]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2008 03:02:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2336</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Thanks for all the comments. On reflection I think that the premise that housing prices have fallen &quot;enough&quot; is pretty questionable. In particular, the idea that certain attractive markets should appreciate 2% per year in real terms seems dubious. (Of course, housing prices have continued to fall since the paper was written, and would continue to fall until any plan was actually enacted, so maybe, by then ... ?) 

Mark Sadowski&#039;s point that real estate does not appreciate in real terms is a good one, although I think it is a bit overstated. It makes sense that Amsterdam real estate hasn&#039;t appreciated since 1628, because Amsterdam in 1628 was the center of Europe. By contrast, I don&#039;t think anyone would argue that real estate in Orange County has appreciated a lot in just the last 50 years. So some real estate does appreciate. But perhaps not as much as the Hubbard-Mayer proposal needs it to.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for all the comments. On reflection I think that the premise that housing prices have fallen &#8220;enough&#8221; is pretty questionable. In particular, the idea that certain attractive markets should appreciate 2% per year in real terms seems dubious. (Of course, housing prices have continued to fall since the paper was written, and would continue to fall until any plan was actually enacted, so maybe, by then &#8230; ?) </p>
<p>Mark Sadowski&#8217;s point that real estate does not appreciate in real terms is a good one, although I think it is a bit overstated. It makes sense that Amsterdam real estate hasn&#8217;t appreciated since 1628, because Amsterdam in 1628 was the center of Europe. By contrast, I don&#8217;t think anyone would argue that real estate in Orange County has appreciated a lot in just the last 50 years. So some real estate does appreciate. But perhaps not as much as the Hubbard-Mayer proposal needs it to.</p>
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		<title>By: Frisbie Einstein</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2318</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Frisbie Einstein]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Dec 2008 10:55:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2318</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&quot;they propose indexing mortgage rates to Treasury yields&quot;

You folks seem to have missed that.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;they propose indexing mortgage rates to Treasury yields&#8221;</p>
<p>You folks seem to have missed that.</p>
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		<title>By: Frisbie Einstein</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2317</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Frisbie Einstein]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Dec 2008 10:53:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2317</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Constitutional amendment mandating housing price increases.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Constitutional amendment mandating housing price increases.</p>
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		<title>By: Mark A. Sadowski</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2313</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Mark A. Sadowski]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2008 21:23:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2313</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The Hubbard-Mayer proposal is an effort at price controls and is based on the mistaken perception that the price correction in housing is over and we are about to overshoot its normal value. They justify this by doing calculations of housing affordability. But the real measure of the price of a house is (gasp!) the price of a house. Robert Shiller has an index of real U.S. historic housing prices in an excel file available here:

http://www.irrationalexuberance.com/

Note that the index was set to 100 for the year 1890. It had a low of 65.6 in 1921 and a high of 202.8 in 2006. It currently stands at 145.2. The average over the period from 1946 to 1997 was about 111 The average over the period from 1890 to 1997 was about 100. The average from 1921 to 1942 was about 75. All of this implies we have much more deflating in the housing bubble to go and at the current rate of decrease (about 3.3% a quarter) it will take 2 years to get to the postwar average, 3 years to get to the century average and 6 years to get to the all time low. The rate of decrease will likely decrease so where ever we are going housing prices will probably fall for years. Robert Shiller was quoted in 2007 as predicting a bursting housing bubble would probably take about ten years to correct itself. 

There is also the example of Japan. Their proxy for housing prices (the urban land price index) peaked in 1990. Since then prices have fallen about 60% as of 2007 and will likely continue to fall in 2008. I can&#039;t find the link right now to the data (web site down?) It is complied by the Japan Real Estate Institute (JREI).

And lest you&#039;re not convinced real estate does not appreciate in real terms ocer time consider this. Piet Eicholtz did a study of dutch real estate values in Amsterdam from 1628 through 1973. A glance at his graph of real estate prices over 350 years of data shows large variations but that the overall trend is horizontal. There is even one period from the mid 1700&#039;s to the early 1800&#039;s where housing prices fell for about 80 years. The link for the paper is here:

http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=598

In short I feel the Hubbard-Mayer proposal is a huge mistake.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Hubbard-Mayer proposal is an effort at price controls and is based on the mistaken perception that the price correction in housing is over and we are about to overshoot its normal value. They justify this by doing calculations of housing affordability. But the real measure of the price of a house is (gasp!) the price of a house. Robert Shiller has an index of real U.S. historic housing prices in an excel file available here:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.irrationalexuberance.com/" rel="nofollow">http://www.irrationalexuberance.com/</a></p>
<p>Note that the index was set to 100 for the year 1890. It had a low of 65.6 in 1921 and a high of 202.8 in 2006. It currently stands at 145.2. The average over the period from 1946 to 1997 was about 111 The average over the period from 1890 to 1997 was about 100. The average from 1921 to 1942 was about 75. All of this implies we have much more deflating in the housing bubble to go and at the current rate of decrease (about 3.3% a quarter) it will take 2 years to get to the postwar average, 3 years to get to the century average and 6 years to get to the all time low. The rate of decrease will likely decrease so where ever we are going housing prices will probably fall for years. Robert Shiller was quoted in 2007 as predicting a bursting housing bubble would probably take about ten years to correct itself. </p>
<p>There is also the example of Japan. Their proxy for housing prices (the urban land price index) peaked in 1990. Since then prices have fallen about 60% as of 2007 and will likely continue to fall in 2008. I can&#8217;t find the link right now to the data (web site down?) It is complied by the Japan Real Estate Institute (JREI).</p>
<p>And lest you&#8217;re not convinced real estate does not appreciate in real terms ocer time consider this. Piet Eicholtz did a study of dutch real estate values in Amsterdam from 1628 through 1973. A glance at his graph of real estate prices over 350 years of data shows large variations but that the overall trend is horizontal. There is even one period from the mid 1700&#8242;s to the early 1800&#8242;s where housing prices fell for about 80 years. The link for the paper is here:</p>
<p><a href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=598" rel="nofollow">http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=598</a></p>
<p>In short I feel the Hubbard-Mayer proposal is a huge mistake.</p>
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		<title>By: thaddeus</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2241</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[thaddeus]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 Dec 2008 17:37:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2241</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[To Econ Dan:

At least someone read my post! Thank you sir $600B-$800B stimulus package. Now we hear talk of the stimulus being more like $1T! Who knows? But more importantly, who really cares? Just be ready to adjust your portfolios. Pehaps short government bonds (symbol:TBT) and the dollar (symbol:UDB)and go long gold (symbol:GLD)and for a quick pop in the 1st quarter of 2009 go long the S&amp;P 500 (symbol:SPY). But always remember Japan and their fiscal stimulus results. Maybe nothing can actually work to reverse what is already in motion.

To Name:

Calculated Risk is a great blog but their tone now appears to be somewhat fixed on: &quot;Its bad, getting badder and &quot;Oh, by the way, there is no solution but some well-modulated collapse.&#039;&quot; I don&#039;t necessarily disagree with their analysis or their solution. Everyone is brighter than me. My point about this program, as opposed to the fiscal stimulus, is derived from an investor&#039;s perspective. I immediately go long the S&amp;P if it gets enacted. That&#039;s all. I do so, not because I believe it will work, but because many other citizens will see direct benefits almost immediately. Its all about restoring confidence. I stay mostly hedged against the S&amp;P if Barack opts for the fiscal stimulus until I see it take hold. I feel he may very well enact a big one because of political demands by the Congress. They all just love their New Year&#039;s pork!]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To Econ Dan:</p>
<p>At least someone read my post! Thank you sir $600B-$800B stimulus package. Now we hear talk of the stimulus being more like $1T! Who knows? But more importantly, who really cares? Just be ready to adjust your portfolios. Pehaps short government bonds (symbol:TBT) and the dollar (symbol:UDB)and go long gold (symbol:GLD)and for a quick pop in the 1st quarter of 2009 go long the S&amp;P 500 (symbol:SPY). But always remember Japan and their fiscal stimulus results. Maybe nothing can actually work to reverse what is already in motion.</p>
<p>To Name:</p>
<p>Calculated Risk is a great blog but their tone now appears to be somewhat fixed on: &#8220;Its bad, getting badder and &#8220;Oh, by the way, there is no solution but some well-modulated collapse.&#8217;&#8221; I don&#8217;t necessarily disagree with their analysis or their solution. Everyone is brighter than me. My point about this program, as opposed to the fiscal stimulus, is derived from an investor&#8217;s perspective. I immediately go long the S&amp;P if it gets enacted. That&#8217;s all. I do so, not because I believe it will work, but because many other citizens will see direct benefits almost immediately. Its all about restoring confidence. I stay mostly hedged against the S&amp;P if Barack opts for the fiscal stimulus until I see it take hold. I feel he may very well enact a big one because of political demands by the Congress. They all just love their New Year&#8217;s pork!</p>
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		<title>By: Name</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2208</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Name]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 23 Dec 2008 21:46:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2208</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By far, the most accurate predictions about the housing crisis have come from this site, which says this proposal SUCKS ASS:

http://www.calculatedriskblog.com/2008/10/housing-bad-policy-proposal.html]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>By far, the most accurate predictions about the housing crisis have come from this site, which says this proposal SUCKS ASS:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.calculatedriskblog.com/2008/10/housing-bad-policy-proposal.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.calculatedriskblog.com/2008/10/housing-bad-policy-proposal.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: Bank Capital: A Looming Problem - Daily Buzz</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2206</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Bank Capital: A Looming Problem - Daily Buzz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 23 Dec 2008 19:02:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2206</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] The Obama team&#8217;s plans are big and bold on key dimensions. The fiscal stimulus will be one of the largest ever in peacetime. We don&#8217;t yet know how much support there will be for a housing refinance initiative, but there is no question that the proposal will be huge. [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] The Obama team&rsquo;s plans are big and bold on key dimensions. The fiscal stimulus will be one of the largest ever in peacetime. We don&rsquo;t yet know how much support there will be for a housing refinance initiative, but there is no question that the proposal will be huge. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: EconDan</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2202</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[EconDan]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 23 Dec 2008 16:50:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2202</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[To thaddeus:

Niggling point on &quot;the pork package of $600M-$800M&quot; - shouldnt that be $600B-$800B?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To thaddeus:</p>
<p>Niggling point on &#8220;the pork package of $600M-$800M&#8221; &#8211; shouldnt that be $600B-$800B?</p>
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		<title>By: Adam</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2197</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adam]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 23 Dec 2008 13:25:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2197</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[My biggest concern is what does this do to banks on the other side of this crisis?  If we&#039;re anticipating several years of at least moderately high inflation and we&#039;re going to at this time encouraging banks &amp; people to refinance mortgages at extremely low rates, how are the banks suppose to be making money once inflation picks up?  If the banks are weak now, this wouldn&#039;t seem to be the best approach.

Wasn&#039;t this the same situation which started banks down the road that caused the S&amp;L crisis (low rate mortgages fro 60&#039;s &amp; early 70&#039;s going underwater as inflation accelerated)?

I don&#039;t have any better ideas, but it seems there is a lot of unspoken risk built around assumptions that may really be beyond our control, like how well the FED will be able to control inflation later on.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My biggest concern is what does this do to banks on the other side of this crisis?  If we&#8217;re anticipating several years of at least moderately high inflation and we&#8217;re going to at this time encouraging banks &amp; people to refinance mortgages at extremely low rates, how are the banks suppose to be making money once inflation picks up?  If the banks are weak now, this wouldn&#8217;t seem to be the best approach.</p>
<p>Wasn&#8217;t this the same situation which started banks down the road that caused the S&amp;L crisis (low rate mortgages fro 60&#8242;s &amp; early 70&#8242;s going underwater as inflation accelerated)?</p>
<p>I don&#8217;t have any better ideas, but it seems there is a lot of unspoken risk built around assumptions that may really be beyond our control, like how well the FED will be able to control inflation later on.</p>
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		<title>By: framed</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2178</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[framed]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Dec 2008 15:10:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2178</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[There is an important component of their user cost model that is wrong: The choice is between buy, thereby investing the down payment in housing market i, and renting, where an amount equal to the down payment is invested elsewhere.  Given that they include only house price appreciation as part of their user cost, they are effectively assuming that renters will invest the funds needed for the down payment in an asset returning 0%. Even if they consume, rather than save, they should get a dividend yield.  In other words, the opportunity cost of investing in housing is not included in their model.  As this opportunity cost will likely be imperfectly correlated with house price appreciation, user costs will be understated, and estimates will be biased.

Furthermore, regional housing markets are positively correlated, not perfectly correlated.  While some markets may have returned to historic equilibrium values and are in danger of over shooting, others are still well above.  Most notably, the home town of the authors, New York City (Of course, due to subsidized housing as part of their compensation package at Columbia, I doubt either has direct experience with buying here).  User costs in my neighborhood imply prices at about 20 times rents, well above the historic of 12 times.  Subsidizing mortgage rates simply keeps the bubble alive.

Finally, does this apply to loan amounts above the current agency amount (625K for NY and other high-priced areas, 417K for most others)?  

In my opinion, as someone doing research in this field, the model they are using abstracts from too much to support such broad and relatively certain conclusions.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There is an important component of their user cost model that is wrong: The choice is between buy, thereby investing the down payment in housing market i, and renting, where an amount equal to the down payment is invested elsewhere.  Given that they include only house price appreciation as part of their user cost, they are effectively assuming that renters will invest the funds needed for the down payment in an asset returning 0%. Even if they consume, rather than save, they should get a dividend yield.  In other words, the opportunity cost of investing in housing is not included in their model.  As this opportunity cost will likely be imperfectly correlated with house price appreciation, user costs will be understated, and estimates will be biased.</p>
<p>Furthermore, regional housing markets are positively correlated, not perfectly correlated.  While some markets may have returned to historic equilibrium values and are in danger of over shooting, others are still well above.  Most notably, the home town of the authors, New York City (Of course, due to subsidized housing as part of their compensation package at Columbia, I doubt either has direct experience with buying here).  User costs in my neighborhood imply prices at about 20 times rents, well above the historic of 12 times.  Subsidizing mortgage rates simply keeps the bubble alive.</p>
<p>Finally, does this apply to loan amounts above the current agency amount (625K for NY and other high-priced areas, 417K for most others)?  </p>
<p>In my opinion, as someone doing research in this field, the model they are using abstracts from too much to support such broad and relatively certain conclusions.</p>
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		<title>By: pgl</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2173</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[pgl]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Dec 2008 09:57:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2173</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Brad DeLong thinks this proposal can make money for the government but I&#039;m not so sure:

econospeak.blogspot.com/2008/12/hubbard-mayer-proposal-to-nationalize.html]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Brad DeLong thinks this proposal can make money for the government but I&#8217;m not so sure:</p>
<p>econospeak.blogspot.com/2008/12/hubbard-mayer-proposal-to-nationalize.html</p>
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		<title>By: Michael N</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2160</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Michael N]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Dec 2008 00:44:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2160</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Calculated Risk made a number of good comments about this plan when it first appeared in the WSJ 

Housing: Bad Policy Proposal 
October 02, 2008

http://www.calculatedriskblog.com/2008/10/housing-bad-policy-proposal.html]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Calculated Risk made a number of good comments about this plan when it first appeared in the WSJ </p>
<p>Housing: Bad Policy Proposal<br />
October 02, 2008</p>
<p><a href="http://www.calculatedriskblog.com/2008/10/housing-bad-policy-proposal.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.calculatedriskblog.com/2008/10/housing-bad-policy-proposal.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: anon</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2158</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[anon]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 21 Dec 2008 21:42:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2158</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Some tough views:

This is just unfair to many people who saved and put big down payment in their houses (20% or more) compared to those who went for minimal or zero down (let&#039;s say in the same neighborhood).
Also, so bets on housing went wrong and we have a bailout, but what about bets on stock market and 401ks, where is bailout for that? 
Anyway bailout means few crooks will again behave irresponsibly and profit from it. We are nothing but encouraging bad behavior.
Why not just let things get corrected by its own means.
For future, if some institution becomes too big to fail then it should be split before hand. No one company should be allowed to become too big to fail.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Some tough views:</p>
<p>This is just unfair to many people who saved and put big down payment in their houses (20% or more) compared to those who went for minimal or zero down (let&#8217;s say in the same neighborhood).<br />
Also, so bets on housing went wrong and we have a bailout, but what about bets on stock market and 401ks, where is bailout for that?<br />
Anyway bailout means few crooks will again behave irresponsibly and profit from it. We are nothing but encouraging bad behavior.<br />
Why not just let things get corrected by its own means.<br />
For future, if some institution becomes too big to fail then it should be split before hand. No one company should be allowed to become too big to fail.</p>
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		<title>By: Tom K</title>
		<link>http://baselinescenario.com/2008/12/20/hubbard-mayer-mortgage-proposal/#comment-2157</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tom K]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 21 Dec 2008 21:28:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://baselinescenario.com/?p=1665#comment-2157</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It seems the most dangerous aspect of this proposal is the potential for reigniting the housing bubble, as James alluded to.  

Wouldn&#039;t it make more sense to allow the Fed to determine how high the mortgage interest rate should be above the 10 year Treasury yield, rather than setting it to a fixed 1.9% above Treasury yields?  In other words the indexing spread between Treasuries and mortgage rates should be a variable which is adjusted based on how overheated the housing market appears to be.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It seems the most dangerous aspect of this proposal is the potential for reigniting the housing bubble, as James alluded to.  </p>
<p>Wouldn&#8217;t it make more sense to allow the Fed to determine how high the mortgage interest rate should be above the 10 year Treasury yield, rather than setting it to a fixed 1.9% above Treasury yields?  In other words the indexing spread between Treasuries and mortgage rates should be a variable which is adjusted based on how overheated the housing market appears to be.</p>
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